Electric incandescent illuminating apparatus.



No. 798,954. PATENTED SEPT. 5,' 1905. G. B. FRANCIS.

ELECTRIC INUANDESGENT ILLUMINATING APPARATUS. APPLIOATION mum 11110.17, 1904.

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No. 798,954. PATENTED SEPT. 5, 1905. G. B. FRANCIS. ELECTRIC INGANDESGENT ILLUMINATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.17, 1904.

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No. 798,954. PATENTED SEPT. 5, 1905. G. 1a.v FRANCIS. ELECTRIC INGANDESGENT ILLUMINATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DEG-17. 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3,

GERALD BEAUFOY FRANCIS, OF "OKING, ENGLAND.

ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT ILLUIVHNATING APPARATUS- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5, 1905.

Application filed December 17, 1904- Serial No. 237,281.

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Be it known that I, GERALD B IGAUFOY FRAN- oIs, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at \Volcing, in the county of Surrey, IIngland, have invented Improvements in Electric Incandescent Illuminating Apparatus, of which the following is a specil fication.

In illuminating apparatus according to this invention a filament or filaments is or are so mounted within an exhausted translucent casing (hereinafter called a "'g'lobe) that it or they can be so moved by means included in the apparatus that the size of the source of light will be apparently increased, the rate of movement of the filament or filaments being such as to comply with the law of persistence of vision.

According to one construction the filament or filaments is or are secured to, so as to extend more or less radially from, a spindle or stem which is mounted within the globe,so that it or they and the filament or filaments secured thereto can be rotated at a high speed with little friction. The terminals of the lamp communicate with annular contact-pieces within the lamp connected to the ends of the filament or filaments. A magnetic device is provided for rotating the spindle or stem carrying the filament or filaments. The magnetic device comprises or may comprise a magnetic piece secured to the spindle or stem and an electromagnet connected to the shaft of an electric or other motor arranged outside the globe. Other means may, however, be provided for rotating the stem or spindle, and an electromagnetic device for this purpose comprises, for acting upon a corresponding armature or rotor secured to the stem or spindle, a stationary part arranged outside the globe. In some cases the whole of the driving device may be arranged inside the globe. Terminals maythen extend through the wall of the globe to receive current for driving the spindle or stem.

In some cases instead of a filament or filaments so mounted that it or they can be rotated within and in relation to a globe, as before indicated, apparatus according to this invention comprises a globe containing a filament or filaments secured therein, so as to extend more or less radially from the axis of the globe, which in this case is symmetrical in relation to its axis and is mounted and pro- 1 vided with electrical or other means for rotating it about its axis at a speed such as to l comply with the law of persistence of vision, so that a light in the form of a ligure generated by rotation will be produced, annular contact-pieces and brushes or the like being provided for supplying current to the terminals of the lamp.

In any case the lamp may be provided with a casing or guard, which may be fixed to prevent accident due to centrifugal force.

In order that the manner of carrying out my invention maybe well understood, I have shown in the accompanyingdrawings several examples of apparatus constructed according thereto.

Figures 1 and 2 show two examples in vertical section, and Fig. 3isadiagrammatic crosssectional view corresponding to Fig. 2, while Figs. 1t and 5 show other examples in vertical section.

Fig. 1 shows in vertical section an example of apparatus in which a lilamcnt a is secured to, so as to project more or less radially from, a spindle or stem 7), mounted to rotate within and in relation to a globe c and provided for rotating it with a magnetic device comprising a magnetic piece J, secured to the spindle or stem Z1, and an electromagnet c, fixed to the shaft f of an electric motor 1 and arranged outside of the globe c. The lower portion of the filament a is supported by small staples /i, secured in the spindle b, and its ends are attached to a collarjthereon, being connected, respectively, to two annular contact-pieces l and m, secured to the spindlel, and connected by two brushes 1) and o, secured to the globe c, and wires extending through the wall of the globe therefrom, to the two terminals of the lamp, which are formed by two copper rings 7) and (1, cemented on the outside of the neck of the globe. The magnetic piece (I, to avoid dead-points, is in the form of a small squirrel-cage armature. The electromagnet c for rotating the magnetic piece (I is excited by current which is passed therethrough by means of slip-ringer and s, which are fixed to the shaft f and are connected by brushes zand 11, respectively, and wires w and 10 with the main terminals .1 and of the apparatus, the connections being such that the magnet is in series with the motor r The motor I/ shown is a direct-current motor, the example being intended for the use of direct current, and the connections of the filament are such as to place it in series with the motor through the magnet one terminal of the motor being connected to the terminal a. and the terminals p and q of the lamp being respectively connected to the other terminal of the motor and to the terminal 1 by conductors w and 1, respectively. The casing of the driving apparatus external to the lamp is composed of two parts 5 and 6, which are joined together by screwing, and the lamp-globe 0 is secured in position in the lower part 6 of the casing by means of a collar 7, which is screwed upon the part 6 and engages projections 8, arranged at intervals around the neck of the globe 0, by means of an annular rim 9, provided with notches through which the projections 8 can be inserted. pivotal bearings, of which the upper one is formed by a cross-piece 10, secured to the fieldmagnet of the motor, and the lower one is formed by a cross-piece 11, fixed on the neck of the lamp.

Fig. 2 shows in vertical section an apparatus in which for rotating the spindle or stem 6 there is provided an electromagnetic device comprising, for acting upon a squirrelcage armature (Z, fixed to the spindle 5, as in the example already described, a stationary part 13, arranged outside and around the neck of the lamp-globe. The brushes n and 0 are secured to rings 14 and 15, fixed in the neck of the globe, and connected by conductors 16 and 17 to the lamp-terminals, which bear against spring contact-pieces 18, 18, and 19, carried by a socket 20, forming part of the casing of the apparatus. The example shown in Fig. 2 is intended for single-phase alternating current, and in order to produce the difference in phase I required to render starting automatic the laminated core of the stationary part 13 is provided with a pair of coils of thick wire 21 in series with the filament (4 and a pair of coils 22, of thin wire, in parallel therewith, the electrical connections and the arrangement of the coils 21 and 22 being as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 3, which also shows the apparatus in horizontal section. The contact-piece 18 18 is formed of two portions 18 and 18, insulated from each other, and the portion 18 and the piece 19 are connected, on the one hand, to the coils 22 and, on the other hand, respectively, to the contact-pieces 23 and 24, while the part 18, the coils 21, the part 18, the filament, and the part 19 are in series through the terminals of the lamp. The contactpieces 23 and 24 are fixed in the socket 20, to which the casing of the driving apparatus is secured and which is adapted to be inserted into an ordinary lamp-socket, so as to make connection with the terminals thereof.

Fig. 4 shows in vertical section another lamp provided with an electromagnetic device comprising, for acting upon an armature (Z, fixed to the spindle, a stationary part 13, arranged outside of the globe, the example shown in Fig. 4 being adapted for direct current. The armature (Z is in this case awound The shaft f is supported bytee-$54 armature provided with a, commutator 27, which is connected to the armature through the adjacent wall of aglass envelop 28, which hermetically incloses the armature for the purpose of avoiding the difficulty that would be experienced in exhausting the air from the winding of the armature. Of the brushes 30 and 31 of the commutator one-namely,

30is connected to the brush a of the filament and through the filament and its brush 0 to a lamp-terminal 32, while the othernamely, 31is connected. to the lamp-terminal 33. The lamp-terminals 32 and 33 bear, respectively, against contact-springs 34 and 35, which are connected, respectively,througha spring 36 and through the coil of the fieldmagnet of the stationary part 13 and a spring 37, with contact-pieces 38 and 39, located in and connected to the terminals 23 and 24 of a cap-piece 40, screwed upon the body portion 41 of the casing of the external portion of the driving device.

Fig. 5 shows an example of apparatus according to this invention wherein the whole of the driving device is inside the globe. The operative parts of the apparatus are similar in construction and arrangement to those shown in Figs. 2 and 3; but the stationary part 13 is inside the globe 0, and in order to avoid the difficulty of satisfactorily exhausting the globe with the winding of the part 13 within it the part 13 is hermetically inclosed by an envelop which is formed of two concentric tubes 43 and 44 and which is closed at its lower end before the insertion of the part 13 into it and before its insertion into the neck of the globe, while after the insertion of the part 13 the annular wallsof the chamber are fused together at the top, and after the insertion of the chamber into the neck of the globe it is fused thereto, so as to form part of the globe, the upper end of which is hermetically sealed by fusing to the upper end of the tube 44 a glass cup 45, which fits therein and forms part of the top of the globe. The various terminals of the lampand the driving device are, as shown, made to extend through the wall of the globe and connected to the terminals 23 and 24 of the apparatus, which are cemented in a cap-piece 46, connected by a bayonet-joint to a collar 47, cemented t0 the neck of the globe.

Obviously various modifications may be made in the apparatus shown without departure from the essential features of the invention. For example, in each case instead of a single filament two or more filaments may be employed. I

WVhat I claim is- 1. Electric incandescence illuminating ap paratus comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted to rotate Within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to said body so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, means adapted to rotate said body within and in relation to said casing so as to carry round said filament at a speed such as to comply with the law of per sistence of vision, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

2. Electric incandescence illuminating apparatus comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a spindle mounted to rotate within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to said spindle so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, means adapted to rotate said spindle within and in relation to said casing so as to carry round said filament at a speed such as to comply with the law of persistence of vision, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

3. Electric incandescence illuminating apparatus comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted to rotate within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to said body so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, magnetic means adapted to rotate said body within and in relation to said casing so as to carry round said filament at a speed such as to comply with the law of persistence of vision, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

i. Electric incandescence illuminating apparatus comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted to rotate within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to said body so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, a magnetic piece secured to said body, means for producing a rotary magnetic field and adapted thereby to act upon said magnetic piece and so rotate said body within and in relation to said casing so as to carry round said filament at a speed such as to comply with the law of persistence of vision, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

5. Electric incandescence illuminating apparatus comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted to rotate within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to saidbody so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, a magnetic piece socured to said body, means located outside said casing for producing a rotary magnetic field and adapted thereby to act upon said magnetic piece and so rotate said body within and in relation to said casing so as to carry round said filament at a speed such as to comply with the law of persistence of vision, and means for conducting current to and from said fila ment during such rotation.

6. Electric incandescenee illuminating apparatus comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted to rotate within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to said body so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, a squirrel-cage armature secured to said body, means for producing a rotary n'iagnetic field and adapted there by to act upon said armature and so rotate said body within and in relation to said casing so as to carry round said filament at a speed such as to comply with the law of persistence of vision, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

7. Electric incandescence illuminating apparatus comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted to rotate within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to said body so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, a magnetic piece secured to said body, stationary electromagnetic means adapted to produce a rotary magnetic field and thereby to act upon said magnetic piece and so rotate said body within and in relation to said casing so as to carry round said filament at a speed such as to comply with the law of persistence of vision, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

8. Electric incandescence illuminating apparatus comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted to rotate within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to said bodyso as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, a magnetic piece socured to said body, stationary electromagnetic means located outside said casingfor producing a rotary magnetic field and adapted thereby to act upon said magnetic piece and so rotate said body within and in relation to said casing so as to carry round said filament at a speed such as to comply with the law of persistence of vision, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

9. Electric incandescence illuminating apparatus comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted to rotate within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to said body so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, a squirrel-cage armature secured to said body, stationary electromagnetic means adapted to produce a rotary magnetic field and thereby to act upon said magnetic piece and so rotate said body within and in relation to said casing so as to carry round said filament at a speed such as to comply with the law of persistence of vision, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

10. Electric incandescence illuminating apparatus comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted to rotate within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to said body so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, a squirrel-cage armature secured to said body, stationary electromagnetic means located outside said casing for producing a rotary magnetic field and adapted thereby to act upon said magnetic piece and so rotate said body within and in relation &

to said casing so as to carry round said filament at a speed such as to comply With the law of persistence of vision, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

11. An electric incandescence lamp comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted to rotate Within said casing, a filament secured Within said casing to said body so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, a magnetic piece secured to said body and adapted to enable it to be rotated by means of a rotary magnetic field, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

12. An electric incandescence lamp comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted so as to be capable of being rotated Within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to said body so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, and means for conducting current -to and from said filament during such rotation.

13. An electric incandescence lamp comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a body mounted to rotate Within said casing, a filament secured Within said casing to said body so as to be at least in part external to the axis thereof, a squirrel-cage armature secured to said body and adapted to enable it to be rotated by means of a rotary magnetic field, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

14:. An electric incandescence lamp comprising an exhausted translucent casing, a spindle mounted so as to be capable of being rotated within said casing, a filament secured within said casing to said spindle so as to be at least'in part external to the axis thereof, and means for conducting current to and from said filament during such rotation.

Signed at London this 7th day of December, 1904.

GERALD BEAUFOY FRANCIS.

Witnesses:

J. H. RAMsAY FIELD, H. D. JAMEsoN. 

